Table of Contents

1 Scope and Interpretation

1.1 Scope

1.2 Interpretation

1.3 Definitions

Table

1.1 – Classification Of Buildings

1.2 – Basic Live Loads For Floors And Stairs

Figure

1.1 – Flow Chart For Limitations And Scope Of Nzs 3604

1.2 – Buildings Covered By This Standard

1.3 – Definitions Of Spans And Loaded Dimensions

2. General

2.1 Dimensions

2.2 Tolerances

2.3 Timber And Wood-Based Products

2.4 Fastenings And Fabrication

2.5 Reinforcing Steel

Table

2.1 – Timber Framing Tolerances

Figure

2.1 – Protection Of Subfloor Framing Timber From Direct Contact With Concrete

2.2 – Wire Dog

3. Site Requirements

3.1 Soil Bearing Capacity And Site Profile Requirements

3.2 Soil Types

3.3 Test Method For Soil Bearing Capacity

3.4 Bearing

3.5 Site Preparation

3.6 Water In Subfloor Spaces

Figure

3.1 – Relationship Of Foundation To Sloping Ground Surface

4. Durability

4.1 General

4.2 Classification Of Exposure Zones

4.3 Timber And Wood-Based Products

4.4 Steel Fixings And Fastenings

4.5 Brick Veneer Ties And Lintels

4.6 Reinforcing And Fixings In Stucco

4.7 Underlay Or Sheathing

4.8 Concrete

4.9 Sealant Usage And Durability

4.10 Flashings

Table

4.1 – Protection Required For Steel Fixings And Fastenings Excluding Nails

4.2 – Galvanizing Of Steel Components Other Than Nails And Screws

4.3 – Steel Items Such As Nails And Screws Used For Framing And Cladding

4.4 – Protection For Brick Ties And Lintels Supporting Brick Veneer Using As/Nzs 2699

4.5 Material Compatibility Chart: What Works With What

Figure

4.1 – Corrosion Zone Map

4.2 – “Sheltered” And “Exposed”

5. Bracing Design

5.1 General

5.2 Wind Bracing Demand

5.3 Earthquake Bracing Demand

5.4 Subfloor Bracing Design

5.5 Wall Bracing Design

5.6 Diaphragms

Table

5.1 – Determination Of Building Wind Zone

5.2 – Procedure For Determination Of Wind Zones

5.3 – Determination Of Topographic Class, T1 – T5

5.4 – Topographic Class

5.5 – Bracing Demand For Wind – Foundation Structures

5.6 – Bracing Demand For Wind – Walls Above Subfloor Structure For Single Storey Or Upper Storey

5.7 – Bracing Demand For Wind – Walls Above Subfloor Structure For Lower Of 2 Storeys

5.8 – Bracing Demand For Earthquake For Various Combinations Of Claddings For Single Storey Buildings On Subfloor Framing And/Or Foundation Walls

5.9 – Bracing Demand For Earthquake For Various Combinations Of Claddings For 2 Storey Buildings On Subfloor Framing And/Or Foundation Walls

5.10 – Bracing Demand For Earthquake For Various Combinations Of Claddings For 1 And 2 Storey Buildings On Concrete Slab-On-Ground

5.11 – Bracing Capacity Ratings Of Subfloor Bracing Elements

Figure

5.1 – Wind Regions And Lee Zones

5.2 – Topographic Zone

5.3 – Direction Of Wind And Braced Walls

5.4 – Earthquake Zones

5.5 – Distribution Of Bracing Lines

#6. Foundation And Subfloor Framing

6.1 General

6.2 Subfloor Systems

6.3 Setting Out

6.4 Piles

6.5 Ordinary Piles

6.6 Driven Timber Piles

6.7 Cantilever Piles

6.8 Braced Pile Systems

6.9 Anchor Piles

6.10 Framed Subfloor Walls

6.11 Foundation Walls (Concrete And Concrete Masonry)

6.12 Bearers

6.13 Stringers

6.14 Prevention Of Dampness

6.15 Nailing Schedule

Table

6.1 – Pile Footings

6.2 – Spacing Of Driven Round Timber Piles

6.3 – Subfloor Jack Studs

6.4 – Cross Section Dimensions Of Foundation Wall Footings Not Supporting Masonry Veneer

6.5 – Minimum Lap Or Anchorage Lengths For Reinforcing Bars

6.6 – Bearers

6.7 – Stringer Sizes And Fixings

6.8 – Nailing Schedule For Hand Driven And Power Driven Nails

Figure

6.1 – Support Of Loadbearing Wall

6.2 – Ordinary Piles

6.3 – Fixing Of Bearers And Jack Studs To Ordinary Piles

6.4 – Driven Timber Piles

6.5 – Cantilever Piles

6.6 – Braced Pile System – Brace Connected To Pile

6.7 – Braced Pile System – Brace Connected To Bearer

6.8 – Braced Pile System – Brace Connected To Joist

6.9 – Anchor Pile Directly Connected To Joist And Bearer

6.10 – Anchor Pile Directly Connected To Bearer Only

6.11 – Foundation Walls

6.12 – Foundation Walls – Openings And Steps

6.13 – Cantilevered Foundation Walls

6.14 – Reinforced Concrete Masonry Foundation Walls (Not Cantilevered) Supporting Masonry Veneer

6.15 – Reinforced Masonry And Reinforced Concrete Masonry Foundation Walls (Not Cantilevered)

6.16 – Fixing Of Wall Plates To Foundation Walls

6.17 – Fixing Of Bearers Perpendicular To Foundation Walls

6.18 – Fixing Of Bearers In Line With Foundation Walls

6.19 – Joints In Bearers

6.20 – Fixing Of Stringers To Foundation Walls

6.21 – Clearance Between Cladding And Adjacent Ground

7. Floors

7.1 Floor Joists

7.2 Flooring

7.3 Structural Floor Diaphragms

7.4 Timber Decks

7.5 Concrete Slab-On-Ground Floors For Timber Buildings

7.6 Nailing Schedule For Timber Floor Framing

Table

7.1 – Floor Joists

7.2 – Cantilevered Floor Joists

7.3 – Flooring

7.4 – Structural Plywood Flooring

7.5 – Nailing Schedule For Hand Driven And Power Driven Nails

Figure

7.1 – Lapped Or Butted Joints In Floor Joists

7.2 – Floor Joists Layout Criteria

7.3 – Support To Floor Joists Under Loadbearing Walls

7.4 – Loadbearing Wall Over Foundation

7.5 – Support To Non-Loadbearing Walls

7.6 – Lapped Cantilevered Joists (Stepped/Notched)

7.7 – Openings In Floors

7.8 – Holes And Notches In Floor Joists Other Than Cantilevered Joists

7.9 – Floor Diaphragms

7.10 – Minimum Heights Of Finished Concrete (Residential, Habitable) Slab-On-Ground Floors Above Adjoining Finished Ground Level

7.11 – Provision Of Permanent Paving Adjoining Buildings With Concrete Slab-On-Ground Floors

7.12 – Foundation Edge Details – In Situ Concrete

7.13 – Foundation Edge Details – Concrete Masonry

7.14 – Masonry Veneer Foundation Edge Details – In Situ Concrete

7.15 – Masonry Veneer Foundation Edge Details – Concrete Masonry

7.16 – Construction Of Ground Slabs

7.17 – Irregular Slab (Plan View)

7.18 – Shrinkage Control Joints

7.19 – Ground Slabs Beneath Internal Loadbearing Walls

#8. Walls

8.1 General

8.2 Systems To Resist Vertical Loads

8.3 Systems To Resist Horizontal Loads

8.4 Wall Framing – General Requirements

8.5 Studs

8.6 Lintels And Sill And Head Trimmers

8.7 Plates

8.8 Dwangs And Walings

Table

8.1 – Ratings Of 2.4 M High Reinforced Concrete Or Reinforced Concrete Masonry Wall Bracing Elements

8.2 – Studs In Loadbearing Walls

8.3 – No. 2 Framing In Internal Non-Loadbearing Walls

8.4 – Studs In Non-Loadbearing Walls

8.5 – Trimming Studs

8.6 – Stud Spacing Adjustment Factor For Tall Studs Of Smaller Cross Section In Raking Walls

8.7 – Span Multipliers For Roofs Steeper Than 45°

8.8 – Reference Table For Lintel Load Cases

8.9 – Lintels Supporting Roof Only

8.10 – Lintels Supporting Roof And Wall

8.11 – Lintels Supporting Roof, Wall And Floor

8.12 – Lintels Supporting Wall And Floor

8.13 – Lintels Supporting Floor Only

8.14 – Lintel Fixing

8.15 – Sill And Head Trimmers

8.16 – Top Plates Of Loadbearing Walls

8.17 – Bottom Plates Of Loadbearing Walls

8.18 – Fixing Of Top Plate Of Wall To Supporting Members Such As Studs And Lintels At 600 Mm Centres

8.19 – Nailing Schedule For Hand Driven And Power Driven Nails

Figure

8.1 – Dragon Ties

8.2 – Framing Gable End Walls To Resist Wind Loads (Skillion Roofs)

8.3 – Location Of Wall Framing For The Purposes Of Tables 8.2

8.4 – Checking And Boring Studs

8.5 – Trimming Studs And Lintels

8.6 – Straightening Studs

8.7 – Lintel Supporting Roof Only

8.8 – Lintel Supporting Roof And Wall

8.9 – Lintel Supporting Roof, Floor Joists And Walls

8.10 – Lintel Supporting Wall And Floor (Truss Parallel To Lintel)

8.11 – Lintel Supporting Floor Only

8.12 – Fixing Of Lintels To Prevent Uplift

8.13 – Strengthening Top Plate

8.14 – Connecting Top Plates – Walls Not Containing Bracing

8.15 – Connecting Top Plates In Line – Walls Containing Bracing

8.16 – Connecting Top Plates To External Walls At Right Angles – Walls Containing Bracing

8.17 – Connecting Members Providing Lateral Support To Top Plates

8.18 – Strengthening Top Plate For Low Density Ceilings (Against Horizontal Forces)

8.19 – Checking And Boring Top Plates

8.20 – Cut Top Plate

8.21 – Ribbon Boards

9. Posts

9.1 General

9.2 Uplift: Concrete Volume At Base

9.3 Connections

Table

9.1 – Post Concrete Footings To Resist Uplift

9.2 – Connections To Posts And Beams To Resist Uplift

Figure

9.1 – Area Of Roof Supported By Post

9.2 – Post/Footing Connections

9.3 – Beam/Post Connections

10. Roof Framing

10.1 General

10.2 Systems To Resist Vertical Loads

10.3 Systems To Resist Horizontal Loads

10.4 Roof Bracing Details

10.5 Nailing Schedule For Roofs

Table

10.1 – Summary Of Roof Bracing Systems

10.2 – Rafters

10.3 – Key To Fixing Types To Restrain Ridge Beam Uplift

10.4 – Ceiling Joists

10.5 – Ceiling Runners

10.6 – Underpurlins And Ridge Beams

10.7 – Maximum Span And Fixing Types For Strutting Beams

10.8 – Verandah Beams

10.9 – Purlins Or Tile Battens

10.10 – Capacity Of Fixings For Purlins Or Battens

10.11 – Spacing Of Fixings For Dummy Rafters For Sarked Roofs

10.12 – Fixing Types Of Roof Trusses At Supports

10.13 – Key To Fixing Types And Capacity For Rafters, Roof Trusses, Underpurlins, Ridge Beams And Strutting Beams

10.14 – Nailing Schedule For Hand Driven And Power Driven Nails

Figure

10.1 – Roof Framing Members, Couple-Close Roof

10.2 – Jointing Hip Rafters And Ridge Boards

10.3 – Rafter Spans

10.4 – Seating Of Rafters

10.5 – Rafter To Ridge Beam Connections

10.6 – Fixing Rafters – Skillion Roof

10.7 – Fixing Ridge Beam To Wall

10.8 – Joints In Ceiling Joists

10.9 – Ceiling Runners

10.10 – Underpurlin Struts – Single

10.11 – Underpurlin Struts – Paired

10.12 – Strutting Beams

10.13 – Collar Ties And Underpurlins – Roof Pitches Greater Than 10°

10.14 – Fixing Cleats

10.15 – Gable Verge Framing

10.16 – Gable Roof Showing Higher Wind Uplift Areas Requiring Extra Purlin And Batten Fixings

10.17 – Hip And Valley Roof Showing Higher Wind Uplift Areas Requiring Extra Purlin And Batten Fixings

10.18 – Purlins Fixed Directly To Rafters

10.19 – Fixing Purlins And Dummy Rafters To Skillion Roofs

10.20 – Fixing Purlins And Dummy Rafters To Sarked Roofs

10.21 – Truss/Top Plate Connections

10.22 – Bracing Of Heavy Hip Roofs

10.23 – Ceiling Braces Connecting Hip-End Top Plates To Wall Bracing Elements

10.24 – Bracing Of Heavy Gable Roofs

10.25 – Roof Plane Diagonal Brace – Timber

10.26 – Roof Space Diagonal Brace – Alternative Fixings

10.27 – Sheet Sarked Roof

11. The Building Envelope – Roof And Wall Cladings

11.1 General

11.2 Roof Cladding Underlays

11.3 Roof Claddings

11.4 Wall Cladding Underlays Or Sheathings

11.5 Wall Claddings

11.6 Exterior Joinery

11.7 Masonry Veneer Wall Cladding

11.8 Solid Plaster Exterior Wall Cladding (Stucco)

11.9 Windows

Table

11.1 Underlays And Sheathings

11.2 – Roof Claddings

11.3 – Wall Claddings

11.4 – Veneer Lintels

11.5 – Tolerances For Masonry Veneer

11.6 – Plywood Sheet Thickness

Figure

11.1 – Heights Of Veneer Construction

11.2 – Veneer Cavity Closures

11.3 – Flashing Details – Veneer

11.4 – Backing Details

12. Interior Linings

12.1 General

13. Ceilings

13.1 Ceiling Linings

13.2 Ceiling Lining Supports

13.3 Openings In Ceilings

13.4 Water Tanks In The Roof Space

13.5 Structural Ceiling Diaphragms

13.6 Nailing Schedule For Ceilings

Table

13.1 – Ceiling Battens

13.2 – Thickness Of Trimmers And Trimming Joists

13.3 – Nailing Schedule For Hand Driven And Power Driven Nails

Figure

13.1 – Ceiling Lining Supports

13.2 – Openings In Ceilings

13.3 – Support Of Water Tanks In The Roof Space

13.4 – Ceiling Diaphragms

14. Requirements For 3 Kpa Floor Loads

14.1 General

14.2 Concrete Slab-On-Ground

Table

14.1 – Bracing Demand For Various Combinations Of Claddings For Single Storey Buildings On Subfloor Framing, 3 Kpa Floor Loads

14.2 – Bracing Demand For Various Combinations Of Claddings For 2 Storey Buildings On Subfloor Framing, 3 Kpa Floor Loads

14.3 – Bracing Demand For Various Combinations Of Claddings For Single Storey And 2 Storey Buildings On Concrete Slab-On-Ground, 3 Kpa Floor Loads

14.4 – Bearers, 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.5 – Subfloor Jack Studs, 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.6 – Square Pile Footings For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.7 – Spacing Of M12 Bolts Supporting Stringers For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.8 – Floor Joists For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.9 – Strip Flooring For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.10 – Studs In Loadbearing Walls For Heavy Or Light Roofs With Medium Wall Claddings Or Light Wall Claddings For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.11 – Reference Table For Lintel Load Cases

14.12 – Lintels Supporting Roof, Wall And Floor For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.13 – Lintels Supporting Wall And Floor Only For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.14 – Lintels Supporting Floor Only For 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.15 – Top And Bottom Plates For Loadbearing Walls, 3 Kpa Floor Load

14.16 – Structural Plywood Flooring

15. 0.5 Kpa Or 1 Kpa Snow Loading

15.1 General

15.2 Snow Loading

Table

15.1 – Reference Table For Lintel Load Cases

15.2 – Lintels Supporting Roof Only

15.3 – Lintels Supporting Roof And Wall

15.4 – Lintels Supporting Roof And Wall With 1.5 Or 2 Kpa Floor Loads

15.5 – Lintels Supporting Roof And Wall With 3 Kpa Floor Loads

15.6 – Rafters

15.7 – Underpurlins And Ridge Beams

15.8 – Verandah Beams – Low To Very High Wind Zones

Figure

15.1 – Snow Zones

16. Composite Construction Lintel Tables

16.1 Plywood Box Beam Lintels

16.2 Glue Laminated Timber Lintels

Table

16.1 – P Lywood Box Beam Lintels Supporting Roof Only

16.2 – Glue Laminated Timber Lintel Equivalents To Plywood Box Beam Lintels In Table ### 16.1

Figure

16.1 – Built-Up Plywood Box Beam Lintel – Vertical Section

16.2 – Built-Up Plywood Box Beam Lintel – Elevation And Longitudinal Section

17. Expansive Soils

17.1 General

17.2 Building Sites

17.3 Foundations

17.4 Reinforcement

18. Building Product Appraisals And Bia Accreditations

19. Statutory Information

19.1 General

19.2 The Framework

20. Industry Information

Index