Description

This standard is evaluating swinging doors and frames by simulating real-world fire conditions where hot gases are forced through gaps.

It tests door integrity, stability, and latching for ratings of 20 to 90+ minutes, frequently requiring intumescent seals to pass. 

Scope

Positive Pressure Requirement: Unlike older neutral/negative pressure tests (UL 10B), UL 10C establishes a neutral pressure plane at 40 inches or less above the sill after 5 minutes, simulating hot gases and smoke pushing through the top of the door.

Applicable Products: Used for side-hinged or pivoted swinging doors, including frames, glazing, and hardware.

International Building Code (IBC) Compliance: The IBC (2015-2021 editions) requires swinging fire doors to be tested under positive pressure using UL 10C or NFPA 252.

Testing Procedure: The assembly is exposed to intense fire, measuring temperature rise on the unexposed side, followed by a hose stream test to ensure structural integrity.

Intumescent Requirement: To pass, especially for wood doors, intumescent gasketing is usually necessary to seal gaps when exposed to heat.

Category A vs. Category B: UL 10C classification includes Category A (no additional edge sealing required) and Category B (applied intumescent required) doors. 

The test ensures doors in stairwells, corridors, and fire barriers can effectively prevent the passage of smoke and flames.